toppups(toppups是什么意思)

How long have sharks existed? Fossil records indicate that ancestors of modern sharks swam the seas over 400 million years ago, making them older than dinosaurs! They are considered to be the first vertebrate with a complete jaw. Throughout time sharks have changed very little. What is an "elasmobranch"? Elasmobranchs are a closely related group of fishes, differing from bony fishes by having cartilaginous skeletons and five or more gill slits on each side of the head. In contrast, bony fishes have bony skeletons and a single gill cover. Elasmobranchs include sharks, rays, and skates. Do sharks have bones? No, sharks and all other fishes belonging to the class Chondrichthyes lack true bone, but rather have cartilaginous skeletons. How long do sharks live? While longevity data are not available for many sharks, maximum ages do vary by species. Some sharks like the smooth dogfish (Mustelus canis) may only live 16 years, while others such as the porbeagle shark, (Lamna nasus) may live as long as 46 years. Whale sharks (Rhincodon typus) the largest fish in the world may live over 100 years. What does a shark's skin feel like? Shark skin feels exactly like sandpaper because it is made up of tiny teeth-like structures called placoid scales, also known as dermal denticles. These scales point towards the tail and helps to reduce friction from surrounding water when the shark swims. Because of this, if someone rubbed the skin from the head towards the tail, it would feel very smooth. In the opposite direction it feels very rough like sandpaper. As the shark grows, the placoid scales do not increase in size, but rather the shark grows more scales. The silky shark (Carcharhinus falciformis) has small scales giving it a "silky" feel to the touch. Do sharks sleep? It was once believed that all sharks had to swim constantly in order to breathe and could not sleep for more than a few minutes at a time. Oxygen-rich water flows through the gills during movement allowing the shark to breathe. While some species of sharks do need to swim constantly, this is not true for all sharks. Some sharks such as the nurse shark have spiracles that force water across their gills allowing for stationary rest. Sharks do not sleep like humans do, but instead have active and restful periods.
Out of all the species walking, flying, slithering or swimming, there aren't many who have been around as long, survived as well, or come in so many shapes and kinds as the shark. The earliest evidences of sharks are isolated spines, teeth and scales that appeared about 430 million years ago in the Silurian Period, known as the "Age of Fishes". Sharks have a sleek, streamlined design which helps them swim without using up a lot of energy.They certainly need to conserve their energy because they never really sleep and most of them never stop swimming. Some sharks are fierce predators, and would be happy to eat you if they encountered you. Almost any shark six feet or longer is a potential danger, but three species have been identified repeatedly in attacks: the Great White Shark, the Tiger Shark and the Bull Shark . All three live world wide, reach large sizes and eat large prey such as marine mammals or sea turtles. But most sharks never grow longer than five feet and never even see anyone with legs and arms anyway. People kill thousands more sharks every year than sharks kill people. Sharks take about as long to mature as we do. Some of them become adults in their teens. A mother shark carries her babies inside her body while they develop, sometimes for more than a year. Even so, some sharks are born inside an egg which they have to crack open. They spend early portions of their lives in nursery grounds. Some of the advantages sharks have over people is that they keep growing new teeth, they don't have breakable bones, and they are not prone to get cancer. Sometimes sharks are referred to as swimming computers because of the six senses which they possess: vision, hearing, vibration, smell, taste and electro-perception.
In some form, sharks have been around for about 400 million years. Even before dinosaurs roamed the earth, sharks hunted through the oceans!They're such good survivors that they've had little need to evolve in the last 150 million years. These ancient predators fascinate adults and children alike.Sharks have the most powerful jaws on the planet.Unlike most animals' jaws, both the sharks' upper and lower jaws move. A shark bites with it's lower jaw first and then its upper.It tosses its head back and forth to tear loose a piece of meat which it swallows whole. Each type of shark has a different shaped tooth depending on their diet (the shark in the photo is a great white -- you can tell he's a carnivore just by looking at those sharp, pointy teeth!).A shark may grow and use over 20,000 teeth in its lifetime!Normally, sharks eat alone.But sometimes one feeding shark attracts others.They swim up as quickly as possible and all begin to try to get a piece of the prey.They bite wildly at anything that gets in their way -- even each other. The great white shark rarely partakes in feeding frenzies.Almost all sharks are "carnivores" or meat eaters.They live on a diet of fish and sea mammals (like dolphins and seals) and even such prey as turtles and seagulls. Sharks even eat other sharks.For example, a tiger shark might eat a bull shark, a bull shark might eat a blacktip shark and a blacktip shark might eat a dogfish shark! The teeth of the carnivores are sharp and pointy.Their skeleton is made of cartilage instead of bone, which allows greater flexibility. Their skin is made of denticles instead of ordinary fish scales.The denticles are constructed like hard, sharp teeth and help to protect the shark from injury.Not all sharks are fierce carnivores.Some are quite harmless.Oddly enough, the most harmless sharks tend to be the largest!The basking shark, the whale shark and the megamouth sharks all fit this description. These huge sharks eat plankton, a tiny shrimp-like creature found in the ocean.To do this, they swim forward with their mouths wide open."Gill rakers" at the back of their throat strain the tiny food from the water.Think sharks are dangerous?The most dangerous sharks are the Great White shark, the Tiger shark, the Hammerhead shark, the Mako shark and the Bull shark.On average, there are only about 100 shark attacks each year and only 10 of those result in a human death. You should check it out from their perspective, though!People kill thousands of sharks in a year for sport and for food.Shark skins are used to make products like any other leather would be.Up until the 1950's, shark livers were used as a vitamin A supplement.Shark fin soup and shark steaks are both eaten in many countries (Mako, seen in the top photo, is the most popular in the United States).Baby sharks are called pups.Just like there are many types of sharks, there are also different ways that sharks come into this world.There are three ways that sharks are born: eggs are laid (like birds) eggs hatch inside the mother and then are born pups sharks grow inside the mother (like humans) Sharks can have from 1 to 100 babies at a time, depending on the type of shark.The ones with pups that grow inside the mother have fewer babies at a time than sharks that lay eggs outside the body. Sharks do not care for their babies after they are born, but they do search for a safe place where they can lay their eggs or give birth. One of the reasons that sharks are such successful predators is that they have such super senses. Two-thirds of a shark's brain is dedicated to its keenest sense -- smell. Some sharks have eyes similar to a cat.A mirror-like layer in their eyes allows them to see better in the water.This allows the shark to hunt in clear seas or murky water. To top it off, sharks have a few unusual senses.For instance, they are able to feel vibrations in the water using a line of canals that go from its head to its tail.Called a "lateral line", these canals are filled with water and contain sensory cells with hairs growing out of them.These hairs move when the water vibrates and alerts the shark to potential prey. Sharks also have a sensory organ called the "ampullae of Lorenzini" which they use to "feel" the electrical field coming from its prey.
What isaShark?Sharksareatypeoffish.Sharksareamazingfishthathavebeenaroundsincelongbeforethedinosaursexisted.Theyliveinwatersallovertheworld,ineveryocean,andeveninsomeriversandlakes.Unlikebonyfish,sharkshavenobones;theirskeletonismadeofcartilage,whichisatough,fibroussubstance,notnearlyashardasbone.Sharksalsohavenoswimbladder(unlikebonyfish).________________________________________MAJORDIFFERENCESBETWEENSHARKSANDBONYFISHATTRIBUTESHARKSBONYFISHSkeletonCartilageonlyBonesandcartilageSwimmingCanonlyswimforward.CanswimforwardsandbackwardsBuoyancy(floating)LargeoilyliverGas-filledswimbladderGillsGillslitsbutnogillcoverCoveredgillslitsReproductionEggsfertilizedinfemale'sbody.Eggsusuallyfertilizedinthewater.SkinRough,sandpaper-likeplacoidscalesSlippery,overlappingscalesSIZEAscubadiveraboveaWhaleshark.TheWhalesharkisthelargestfishintheworld;thebaskingsharkisthesecondlargestfish.Therearemanydifferentspeciesofsharksthatrangeinsizefromthesizeofaperson'shandtobiggerthanabus.Fully-grownsharksrangeinsizefrom7inches(18cm)long(theSpinedPygmyshark),upto50feet(15m)long(theWhaleshark).Mostsharksareintermediateinsize,andareaboutthesamesizeaspeople,5-7feet(1.5-2.1m)long.Halfofthe368sharkspeciesareunder39inches(1m)long.________________________________________BODYSHAPESSharkshaveavarietyofbodyshapes.Mostsharkshavestreamlined,torpedo-shapedbodiesthatglideeasilythroughthewater.Somebottom-dwellingsharks(e.g.theangelshark)haveflattenedbodiesthatallowthemtohideinthesandoftheoceanbed.Somesharkshaveanelongatedbodyshape(e.g.,cookiecuttersharksandwobbegongs).Sawsharkshaveelongatedsnouts,threshersharkshaveatremendouslyelongateduppertailfinwhichtheyusetostunprey,andhammerheadshaveextraordinarilywideheads.Thegoblinsharkhasalarge,pointedprotuberanceonitshead;itspurposeisunknown.________________________________________VARIETIESOFSHARKSThereareabout368differentspeciesofsharks,whicharedividedinto30families.Thesedifferentfamiliesofsharksareverydifferentinthewaytheylook,live,andeat.Theyhavedifferentshapes,sizes,color,fins,teeth,habitat,diet,personality,methodofreproduction,andotherattributes.Sometypesofsharkareveryrare(likethegreatwhitesharkandthemegamouth)andsomearequitecommon(likethedogfishsharkandbullshark).Sharksbelongtothegroupofcartilagenousfish,theElasmobranchii,thatincludesthesharks,rays,andskates.Thereareover350differentspeciesofsharks.Thespinydogfishsharkisthemostcommon shark.

秀兰·邓波儿 Shirley Temple 原名: Shirley Jane Temple 其他名: Shirley Temple Black|Shirley Jane Temple|Shirley Temple-Black 昵称：Dimple 影迷名：布丁 三岁：进 米格林幼儿舞蹈学校 接受训练 第一部电影 1932年，War Babies成名的开始 1934年，起立欢呼(Stand Up and Cheer)辉煌时期 5-11岁是秀兰·邓波尔在演艺界的辉煌时期，参加演出过以下电影 1932: 1.The Runt Page 2.War Babies 3.The Pie-Covered Wagon 4.Glad Rags to Riches 5.The Kid's Last Stand (Fight) 6.Kiddin' Hollywood 7.Polly-Tix in Washington (All films produced by Educational Films Corp., these films were called one-reel shorts and are about 10 minutes long) 1933: 1.Kiddin' Africa, (Educational Films Corp.) 2.The Red-Haired Alibi, (Tower Productions [Columbia]) 3.Dora's Dunking Doughnuts, (Educational Films Corp.) 4.Out All Night, (Universal) 5.Merrily Yours, (Educational Films Corp.) 6.Pardon My Pups, (Educational Films Corp.) 7.Managed Money, (Educational Films Corp.) 8. To The Last Man, (Paramount Studios) 9.What To Do?, (Educational Films Corp.) 1934: 1.Carolina, (Fox Film Corp.) 2.Mandalay, (First National [Warner Brothers]) 3.New Deal Rhythm, (Paramount Pictures) 4.Change of Heart, (Fox) 5.Bottoms Up, (Fox) 6.起立欢呼(Stand Up and Cheer), (Fox) 7.Little Miss Marker, (Paramount) 8.Now I'll Tell, (Fox) 9.Baby, Take A Bow, (Fox) 10.Now And Forever, (Paramount) 11.亮眼睛(Bright Eyes), (Fox) 1935: 1.小上校(The Little Colonel), (Fox) 秀兰·邓波儿2.我们的小姑娘(Our Little Girl), (Fox) 3.Curly Top, (Fox) 1936: 1.小叛逆(The Littlest Rebel), (Fox) 2.一月船长(Captain January), (Fox) 3.可怜的富家小姑娘(Poor Little Rich Girl), (Fox) 4.涟漪(Dimples), (Fox) 5.偷渡者(Stowaway), (Fox) 1937: 1.威莉·温基(Wee Willie Winkie), (Fox) 2.海蒂(Heidi), (Fox) 1938: 1.桑尼布鲁克农场的丽贝卡(Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm), (Fox) 2.百老汇小姐(Little Miss Broadway), (Fox) 3.Just Around the Corner, (Fox) 1939: 1.小公主(The Little Princess), (Fox) 2.Susannah of the Mounties, (Fox) 11-21岁：继续演电影，但同时也在读书学习 这个时候她演过以下电影： 1940: 1.The Blue Bird, (Fox) 2.Young People, (Fox) 1941: 1.Kathleen, (Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer) 1942: 1.Miss Annie Rooney, (United Artists) 1943: 1.Since You Went Away, (United Artists) 1944: 1.I'll Be Seeing You, (United Artists) 1945: 1.Kiss and Tell, (Columbia)秀兰·邓波儿1946: 1.Honeymoon, (RKO-Radio) 2.The Bachelor and the Bobby-Soxer, (RKO) 1947: 1.That Hagen Girl, (Warner Bros.) 1948: 1.Fort Apache, (Argosy Pictures Production,RKO release) 2.Adventure in Baltimore, (RKO) 1949: 1. Mr. Belvedere Goes to College, (Fox) 2.The Story of Seabiscuit, (Warner Bros./First National) 3.A Kiss for Corliss, (United Artists)后期作品及经历 17岁(1945年)：同Sergeant Jack Agar结婚，但四年后（1949年）离婚 22岁(1950年)：12月16日同查尔斯·布莱克结婚，从此退出演艺圈 20世纪六十到九十年代：进入政界，担任驻国大使 1967-1968年：被共和党选举竞选美国国会议员（落选） 1969-1970年：被美国政府任命为联合国美国代表团的成员 1974-1976年：出任美国驻加纳大使 1976-1977年：福特总统当政时期，她担任国务院礼宾司司长，是美国历史上第一个任秀兰·邓波儿此要职的女性 1981-1987：Shirley is the Foreign Affairs Officer with the State Department under Ford, Member US Delegation on African Refugee Problems, Director of the National Wildlife Federation, Member of the UN Association, US Founding Member of the American Academy of Diplomacy 1977年4月来中国访问 1988年，出版自传《童星》 作品介绍《海蒂》 秀兰·邓波儿在这出流行的儿童小说里扮演小海蒂，当她的姑姑厌倦了抚养小海蒂后，这个孤儿被送到隐居在瑞士山脉里不友善的祖父那儿，祖父开始慢慢喜欢上孙女，但姑姑又回来把海蒂接走，把她卖给一富人家的生病女儿作陪伴。尽管被一个恶毒的家庭女教师欺负，海蒂仍旧赢得这一家子人的喜爱，并且从来没放弃回到她亲的祖父身边。《我们的小姑娘》 秀兰·邓波儿当秀兰·邓波儿在此剧中饰演的被父母忽视的小女孩离家出走后，你一定会为她感到心焦。 如果米多顿先生，一个医生兼科学家，能在她的妻子、小女儿莫丽身上多花一些时间，那定是个令人羡慕的幸福家庭。当夫妻间的隔阂越来越大，以致俩人准备离婚时，莫丽离家出走，使家人都意识到这个家没有她将会多么枯燥。《涟漪》 秀兰·邓波儿在这幕令人发笑的音乐喜剧片中主演，这个卷发小女孩又唱又跳，使她从贫穷一跃至明星的地位。向来开朗活泼的小秀兰靠唱歌赚钱，她的小偷祖父在被秀兰歌声吸引着的人群中做扒手。当秀兰被一个女护士收养后，她的才能被女护士的侄儿发现了，他要小秀兰在他的即将出演的剧本“汤姆叔叔的小屋”里扮演艾娃。在这出戏里秀兰即将带给你美好的歌声和愉快的时刻。《偷渡者》 又唱又跳甚至说着流利的普通话，秀兰·邓波儿在这部令人激动的音乐冒险片中饰演迷途小孩。当青青（秀兰饰）的传教士警卫被中国的黑帮杀死后，她必须在上海的大街上自我保护。一天，她在一辆车的行李箱里躲雨避难，醒后发现自己已在使往美国的一艘船上。车主渐渐喜欢上了这可爱的迷途小孩，并且建议为了能给她一个温暖的家而和另一乘客小姐暂时结婚组成三口之家。但当他俩发生争吵而要离婚时，青青让他俩意识到他们的确深爱着对方。《可怜的富家小女孩》 秀兰·邓波儿获第42届电影工会终身成就奖艾丽丝·菲姬、杰克哈利和秀兰·邓波儿一起在这动人的音乐片中献技出演。 想到幼女芭芭拉（秀兰）到了上学年龄，这个富有的连续剧制片商意想不到女儿参加了电台的演出。她们为另一家连续剧制片公司试演成功后而一跃成为电台明星。这时芭芭拉的父亲意识到自己的女儿会为他的竞争助一臂之力。《威莉·温基》 秀兰·邓波儿在这部根据鲁达亚·基普林的畅销小说改编的家庭剧中担任角色。剧中充满了喜剧、浪漫的色彩。《威莉·温基》被认为是她的最富娱乐性的电影。 被母亲带到印度的小女孩（邓波儿饰）渐渐赢得了祖父的喜爱，其祖父是英国军队前哨基地的上校。不久，她不仅赢得祖父整个兵团士兵的喜爱，而且更赢得了其敌军的宠爱，从而用她的智慧制止了一场大规模的战争。《小叛逆》: 在这出剧里，秀兰·邓波儿扮演的角色是一个讨人喜欢的战争女英雄，剧中充满幽默的趣味，还有和比尔·罗宾逊的歌舞双重唱。 弗杰（邓波儿饰），一个盟军士兵的小女儿，不经意使他父亲在偷越过敌军境内去探望其生病的妻子时被俘获。当弗杰知她父亲和另一个好心人的北方军官被宣布死刑时，她立刻决定和林肯总统来一次小会谈。《小上校》 小上校劳德的外祖父曾是南联盟军的上校，因为她母亲爱上了一位北方佬，老上校不认这个女儿。六年后，小上校和她母亲来到外祖父家，起先外祖父对她娘俩不予理睬，但小上校终于使上校的气烟消云散，又帮助家里渡过一场劫难。《一月船长》 自从秀兰·邓波儿在婴孩时被一月船长从船难救出后，她就一直和一月船长住在一起，她的歌声和舞蹈赢得了大家的喜欢，但他们的幸福生活被打破了，镇上的新官员企图把她夺走扔进慈善机构。 此片中最能打动人心的就是邓波儿的“鳕鱼球歌”和众人合跳的踢踏舞。《亮眼睛》 这是一部秀兰·邓波儿的初期作品，《亮眼睛》这部电影使秀兰·邓波儿成为一个众人皆知的小明星并且她的歌声家喻户晓。 秀兰是一群飞行员的宝贝，她平时轮流跟父亲生前好友飞行员路浦和给一家自私的富人家当佣人的妈妈生活。但不幸的事情突然发生使秀兰成为孤儿，路浦自告奋勇收养秀兰，最后得知他并不是唯一想收养这个可爱的小天使的人。《桑尼布鲁克农场的丽贝卡》 八岁的丽贝卡非常自信，是一位天才的表演家。她在一次全国性的比赛中成为“小美国小姐” ，但她姑妈非常反对她进入演艺界，而她继父常常为了自己而忘了她的事情，她终于战胜难关，欢快地唱起来、跳起来。《百老汇小姐》 秀兰·邓波儿在此娱乐音乐片中担任主角，乔治·墨菲和杰米·杜朗特在此剧中客串跳踢踏舞。秀兰饰演白茜，一个被好心的旅店经理收养的孩子。这个旅店经理租借房子给表演者们。旅店老板向她抱怨其吵声骚扰房客并威胁她关闭旅店和把百茜送回孤儿院。电影最精华之处在于秀兰·邓波儿的“我们应该在一起”歌和与乔治·墨菲跳的踢踏舞“乐观点”。《宝贝答谢》 寻莉的父亲艾迪曾经因偷窃入狱，重新获得自由的艾迪改过自新，但警长威尔治固守他的原则：一日为贼，终身为贼，由于威尔治的偏见给艾迪的生活带来了很多麻烦，可爱、聪明的小雪莉给艾迪与凯带来生活的快乐，在一起失窃安全中机警与盗贼周旋……一 幕幕滑稽场面给影片带来更大的吸引力，更受观众欢迎。《年轻人》 班尼奥赫拉死后，把自己的小女儿送给好友乔与吉蒂抚养，小温迪继承了父母表演天才的优点，给人们带来了无尽的欢歌与笑语，乔与吉蒂为了完成好友的遗愿，给小温迪一个温暖的家，结束了演出生涯，去了他们完全陌生的石头城，但人们并不欢迎他们的到来，不愉快的事情不断地发生……小温迪的可爱与爱心终于感化了石头城的人。《蓝色知更鸟》 战争期间，迈蒂与蒂蒂俩人梦想着能有快乐的自由生活，贝露恩仙女告诉他们，有一种蓝色的鸟可以给人们带来幸福，于是他们偷偷离家出走，踏上了寻找“幸福鸟”旅途，最后发现就在自己的身边，而无需到远处探求。《小公主》 这部影片主要叙述上尉克鲁奉命前往南非作战，小女儿莎拉因为没有母亲，只好被寄养在一所贵族学校，校长得知他们出生望族，以贵族子女般招待。时间一天天过去，前线不时传来阵亡名单，有一天克鲁上尉的名字出现在报纸的失踪名单上，因此无法再缴昂贵的学费，学校把小莎拉赶出原来房间，莎拉含着泪水做起小佣人。 但她始终坚信父亲不会离她而去，天天抽空跑去医院找她父亲，她的这份真情感动了英国女皇，也感动了老天，奇迹终于出现了。这是部富有教育意义，十分感人的好片，

1949《巴尔的摩历险》、《Kiss for Corliss》、《A Story of Seabiscuit》、《The Mr. Belvedere Goes to College》1948《Fort Apache》1947《That Hagen Girl》、《Honeymoon Bachelor and the Bobby-Soxer》1945《Kiss and Tell》1944《Ill Be Seeing You》、《Since You Went Away》1942《Miss Annie Rooney》、《Our Girl Shirley》1941《Kathleen》1940《年轻人》、《蓝鸟》1939《Susannah of the Mounties》、《小公主》1938《Little Miss Broadway》、《Just Around the Corner Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm》1937《小海蒂》、《Wee Willie Winkie》1936《Captain January》、《小酒窝》、《Stowaway Poor Little Rich Girl》1935《Curly Top》、《小上校》、《小叛逆》、《我们的小姑娘》、《Baby Take a Bow》1934《Carolina》、《Change of Heart Hollywood Gad-About》、《The Managed Money》、《Mandalay》、《小麻烦》、《亮眼睛》、《Now and Forever》、《Now Ill Tell Stand Up and Cheer》、《Pardon My Pups》1933《As the Earth Turns》、《To the Last Man Out All Night》1932《Glad Rags to Riches》、《Kid in Africa》、《Kid in Hollywood》、《Kids Last Stand》、《战争宝贝》、《Red-Haired Alibi，The》、《Whats To Do?》、《Pie Covered Wagon》、《Polly Tix in Washington》

1928年4月23日，秀兰·邓波儿生于加利福尼亚州的圣莫尼卡。她有两个兄弟，他们分别是杰克和小乔治。秀兰的父亲乔治是洛杉矶一家银行的普通出纳员，母亲格特鲁迪斯是芝加哥一个珠宝商的女儿。 秀兰·邓波儿两岁时她就对音乐产生了兴趣，3岁时邓波儿在精明母亲的安排下进入一所叫米格林的幼儿舞蹈学校接受训练，这是是好莱坞星探经常出入的地方。秀兰·邓波儿的母亲一心渴望女儿能演上更重要的角色，而这个机会在1934年桑塔莫尼卡的一座影院门前出现了。当时词作者贾伊·戈尼正在编写爱国歌舞片《起立欢呼》，他的视线一下子被在台阶上哼哼跳跳等候妈妈的秀兰吸引住了，当即决定为她在这部影片中安排一个角色。影片大获成功，五岁的秀兰立刻得到一份七年的演出合同。在那一年里，她在福克斯公司演了《新群芳大会》、《小安琪》、《小情人》等8部影片。由于在这几部影片的出色表演，她因此跻身十大明星之列。同时她还获得了第7届奥斯卡特别金像奖。1935年，秀兰又主演了三部热门影片，其中包括表现她扛枪打仗的《小叛军》。罗斯福总统邀请她去白宫作客，她恶作剧地将带去的小石子掷在第一夫人的后背上。“瞧我还能射得很准！”她向大家发出警告。这一年，稚气未脱的秀兰·邓波儿还在中国大戏院门口水泥地上留下了手足印记和一句话：“我爱你们大家！”1938年在她10岁时，秀兰已经是美国最具票房号召力的明星。她的演唱、舞蹈和灿烂的笑容使无数人为之倾倒，“秀兰娃娃”玩具是每个女孩童年生活的组成部分。1939年，秀兰的片酬已超过12万美元，另外还有20万元的红利，而当时的票价只有15美分。但在当年，与她签约的20世纪福克斯公司一再拒绝对米高梅公司借用她主演《绿野仙踪》的请求，而是安排她演出了《小孤女》。其实当时她已渐脱稚气，完全可以出演这一角色，只是福克斯公司实在不愿意放掉这颗摇钱树，结果成全另一位好莱坞童星朱迪·嘉兰。而相反秀兰在《小孤女》中因为发育，她头发的曲线已被身材的曲线所代替，观众无法接受他们最喜爱的小宝贝已经长大的现实。 进入四十年代初邓波儿的魅力渐失，她自己也开始对演艺生涯产生厌倦。15岁她结识了中学女同学的哥哥、22岁的空军士兵约翰·阿加尔。两年后，他们结了婚。秀兰还在演电影，但这时她已经把料理家务看得比好莱坞更重要。谁知阿加尔却背道而驰，他反倒在为当演员而努力。这一决定使秀兰大为震惊，她更不能容忍阿加尔酗酒的恶习，这一恶习使他因酒后开车而多次被捕。1950年，在女儿苏珊出生两年后，他们决定分手。不久，秀兰便在夏威夷遇见了毕业于斯坦福大学和哈佛大学的查尔斯·布莱克。令她感到欣慰的是，查尔斯从未看过她主演的电影。为了慎重起见，她拜托老朋友，美国联邦调查局长胡佛替她作了一番调查。“我不想再次遭受打击，”她说，“幸运的是，他们说查尔斯像苹果酱一样毫无杂质。”他们于1950年12月16日结婚。已经在演艺圈干了19年的秀兰正式决定退出，从此她再也没有演过一部电影。她与查尔斯婚后生了两个孩子，洛伊丝和小查尔斯。五十年代的秀兰·邓波儿主持过有关她以及她电影的一些回忆性电视节目；六十年代，秀兰·邓波儿以共和党发言人的政治形象复出,进入了政界，并且成为活跃的政治家。她曾担任美国驻联合国代表团代表，1974年担任美国驻加纳大使，任期两年。她回忆说这段时间是她生活中最幸福的一段时光。两年后任福特总统的礼宾司司长，成为第一个担任这一职务的美国妇女。秀兰·邓波儿在1977年4月来中国访问。秀兰邓波儿是电影史上一个特殊年代的传奇，她在每个国家所赢得好奇心是其他任何人都无法相比的。现已安度晚年的秀兰·邓波儿爱好园艺，喜欢养马骑马，还养有一批猫与狗，高尔夫球和收集关于她一生的纪念物和影片成了她打发时光的消遣。她曾对她的电影观众说过一段话：“我希望广大热爱秀兰·邓波儿的人们不要把她想象成还认为自己是神童的中年妇女，而要想象她是一个妻子和母亲，她找到了时间和热情来培养新的兴趣和开始新的生涯，如政治生涯和外交生涯。童年时代能成为好莱坞的‘超级明星’的我对这段生动的经历仍保持美好的回忆，我觉得我是一个卓有成绩的幸福的女人，自然也是幸运的女人。”秀兰·邓波儿始终为自己的过去感到骄傲。就是在最近她还说，“如果我还能再活一遍的话，我将不会对我的一生作任何改变。”[编辑本段]作品介绍作品介绍《海蒂》：秀兰·邓波儿在这出流行的儿童小说里扮演小海蒂，当她的姑姑厌倦了抚养小海蒂后，这个孤儿被送到隐居在瑞士山脉里不友善的祖父那儿，祖父开始慢慢喜欢上孙女，但姑姑又回来把海蒂接走，把她卖给一富人家的生病女儿作陪伴。尽管被一个恶毒的家庭女教师欺负，海蒂仍旧赢得这一家子人的喜爱，并且从来没放弃回到她亲的祖父身边。《我们的小姑娘》:当秀兰·邓波儿在此剧中饰演的被父母忽视的小女孩离家出走后，你一定会为她感到心焦。 如果米多顿先生，一个医生兼科学家，能在她的妻子、小女儿莫丽身上多花一些时间，那定是个令人羡慕的幸福家庭。当夫妻间的隔阂越来越大，以致俩人准备离婚时，莫丽离家出走，使家人都意识到这个家没有她将会多么枯燥。《涟漪》:秀兰·邓波儿在这幕令人发笑的音乐喜剧片中主演，这个卷发小女孩又唱又跳，使她从贫穷一跃至明星的地位。向来开朗活泼的小秀兰靠唱歌赚钱，她的小偷祖父在被秀兰歌声吸引着的人群中做扒手。当秀兰被一个女护士收养后，她的才能被女护士的侄儿发现了，他要小秀兰在他的即将出演的剧本“汤姆叔叔的小屋”里扮演艾娃。在这出戏里秀兰即将带给你美好的歌声和愉快的时刻。《偷渡者》:又唱又跳甚至说着流利的普通话，秀兰·邓波儿在这部令人激动的音乐冒险片中饰演迷途小孩。当青青（秀兰饰）的传教士警卫被中国的黑帮杀死后，她必须在上海的大街上自我保护。一天，她在一辆车的行李箱里躲雨避难，醒后发现自己已在使往美国的一艘船上。车主渐渐喜欢上了这可爱的迷途小孩，并且建议为了能给她一个温暖的家而和另一乘客小姐暂时结婚组成三口之家。但当他俩发生争吵而要离婚时，青青让他俩意识到他们的确深爱着对方。《可怜的富家小女孩》:艾丽丝·菲姬、杰克哈利和秀兰·邓波儿一起在这动人的音乐片中献技出演。 想到幼女芭芭拉（秀兰）到了上学年龄，这个富有的连续剧制片商意想不到女儿参加了电台的演出。她们为另一家连续剧制片公司试演成功后而一跃成为电台明星。这时芭芭拉的父亲意识到自己的女儿会为他的竞争助一臂之力。《威莉·温基》:秀兰·邓波儿在这部根据鲁达亚·基普林的畅销小说改编的家庭剧中担任角色。剧中充满了喜剧、浪漫的色彩。《威莉·温基》被认为是她的最富娱乐性的电影。 被母亲带到印度的小女孩（邓波儿饰）渐渐赢得了祖父的喜爱，其祖父是英国军队前哨基地的上校。不久，她不仅赢得祖父整个兵团士兵的喜爱，而且更赢得了其敌军的宠爱，从而用她的智慧制止了一场大规模的战争。《小叛逆》:在这出剧里，秀兰·邓波儿扮演的角色是一个讨人喜欢的战争女英雄，剧中充满幽默的趣味，还有和比尔·罗宾逊的歌舞双重唱。 弗杰（邓波儿饰），一个盟军士兵的小女儿，不经意使他父亲在偷越过敌军境内去探望其生病的妻子时被俘获。当弗杰知她父亲和另一个好心人的北方军官被宣布死刑时，她立刻决定和林肯总统来一次小会谈。《小上校》:小上校劳德的外祖父曾是南联盟军的上校，因为她母亲爱上了一位北方佬，老上校不认这个女儿。六年后，小上校和她母亲来到外祖父家，起先外祖父对她娘俩不予理睬，但小上校终于使上校的气烟消云散，又帮助家里渡过一场劫难。《一月船长》:自从秀兰·邓波儿在婴孩时被一月船长从船难救出后，她就一直和一月船长住在一起，她的歌声和舞蹈赢得了大家的喜欢，但他们的幸福生活被打破了，镇上的新官员企图把她夺走扔进慈善机构。 此片中最能打动人心的就是邓波儿的“鳕鱼球歌”和众人合跳的踢踏舞。《亮眼睛》:这是一部秀兰·邓波儿的初期作品，《亮眼睛》这部电影使秀兰·邓波儿成为一个众人皆知的小明星并且她的歌声家喻户晓。 秀兰是一群飞行员的宝贝，她平时轮流跟父亲生前好友飞行员路浦和给一家自私的富人家当佣人的妈妈生活。但不幸的事情突然发生使秀兰成为孤儿，路浦自告奋勇收养秀兰，最后得知他并不是唯一想收养这个可爱的小天使的人。《桑尼布鲁克农场的丽贝卡》:八岁的丽贝卡非常自信，是一位天才的表演家。她在一次全国性的比赛中成为“小美国小姐” ，但她姑妈非常反对她进入演艺界，而她继父常常为了自己而忘了她的事情，她终于战胜难关，欢快地唱起来、跳起来。《百老汇小姐》:秀兰·邓波儿在此娱乐音乐片中担任主角，乔治·墨菲和杰米·杜朗特在此剧中客串跳踢踏舞。 秀兰饰演白茜，一个被好心的旅店经理收养的孩子。这个旅店经理租借房子给表演者们。旅店老板向她抱怨其吵声骚扰房客并威胁她关闭旅店和把百茜送回孤儿院。电影最精华之处在于秀兰·邓波儿的“我们应该在一起”歌和与乔治·墨菲跳的踢踏舞“乐观点”。《宝贝答谢》：寻莉的父亲艾迪曾经因偷窃入狱，重新获得自由的艾迪改过自新，但警长威尔治固守他的原则：一日为贼，终身为贼，由于威尔治的偏见给艾迪的生活带来了很多麻烦，可爱、聪明的小雪莉给艾迪与凯带来生活的快乐，在一起失窃安全中机警与盗贼周旋……一 幕幕滑稽场面给影片带来更大的吸引力，更受观众欢迎。《年轻人》：班尼奥赫拉死后，把自己的小女儿送给好友乔与吉蒂抚养，小温迪继承了父母表演天才的优点，给人们带来了无尽的欢歌与笑语，乔与吉蒂为了完成好友的遗愿，给小温迪一个温暖的家，结束了演出生涯，去了他们完全陌生的石头城，但人们并不欢迎他们的到来，不愉快的事情不断地发生……小温迪的可爱与爱心终于感化了石头城的人。《蓝色知更鸟》：战争期间，迈蒂与蒂蒂俩人梦想着能有快乐的自由生活，贝露恩仙女告诉他们，有一种蓝色的鸟可以给人们带来幸福，于是他们偷偷离家出走，踏上了寻找“幸福鸟”旅途，最后发现就在自己的身边，而无需到远处探求。《小公主》：这部影片主要叙述上尉克鲁奉命前往南非作战，小女儿莎拉因为没有母亲，只好被寄养在一所贵族学校，校长得知他们出生望族，以贵族子女般招待。时间一天天过去，前线不时传来阵亡名单，有一天克鲁上尉的名字出现在报纸的失踪名单上，因此无法再缴昂贵的学费，学校把小莎拉赶出原来房间，莎拉含着泪水做起小佣人。 但她始终坚信父亲不会离她而去，天天抽空跑去医院找她父亲，她的这份真情感动了英国女皇，也感动了老天，奇迹终于出现了。这是部富有教育意义，十分感人的好片，[编辑本段]英文详细介绍英文版简介：秀兰·邓波儿 Shirley Temple出生日期: 1928年4月23日出生地点: Santa Monica, California, USA原名: Shirley Jane Temple其他名: Shirley Temple Black|Shirley Jane Temple|Shirley Temple-BlackShirley Temple was easily the most popular and famous child star of all time. She got her start in the movies at the age of three and soon progressed to super stardom. Shirley could do it all, act, sing and dance and all at the age of five! Fans loved her as she was bright, bouncy and cheerful in her films and they ultimitely bought millions of dollars worth of products that had her likeness on them. Dolls, phonograph records, mugs, hats, dresses, whatever it was, if it had her picture on there they bought it. Shirley was the box-office champion for three straight years, 1936-37-38, beating out such great grown up stars as Clark Gable, Bing Crosby, Robert Taylor, Gary Cooper and Joan Crawford. By 1939, her popularity declined. Although she starred in some very good movies like "Since You Went Away," and the "Bachelor and the Bobby Soxer," her career was nearing its end. Later she served as an ambassodor to Ghana and Czechoslovakia. It was once guessed that she had more than 50 golden curls on her head.三岁：进 米格林幼儿舞蹈学校 接受训练第一部电影：1932年，War Babies成名的开始：1934年，起立欢呼(Stand Up and Cheer)七岁(1935年)：获得奥斯卡奖，以及“1934年最杰出个人”称号5-11岁：秀兰·邓波尔在演艺界的辉煌时期，参加演出过以下电影1932:1.The Runt Page2.War Babies3.The Pie-Covered Wagon4.Glad Rags to Riches5.The Kid's Last Stand (Fight)6.Kiddin' Hollywood7.Polly-Tix in Washington(All films produced by Educational Films Corp., these films were called one-reel shorts and are about 10 minutes long)1933:1.Kiddin' Africa, (Educational Films Corp.)2.The Red-Haired Alibi, (Tower Productions [Columbia])3.Dora's Dunking Doughnuts, (Educational Films Corp.)4.Out All Night, (Universal)5.Merrily Yours, (Educational Films Corp.)6.Pardon My Pups, (Educational Films Corp.)7.Managed Money, (Educational Films Corp.)8.To The Last Man, (Paramount Studios)9.What To Do?, (Educational Films Corp.)1934:1.Carolina, (Fox Film Corp.)2.Mandalay, (First National [Warner Brothers])3.New Deal Rhythm, (Paramount Pictures)4.Change of Heart, (Fox)5.Bottoms Up, (Fox)6.起立欢呼(Stand Up and Cheer), (Fox)7.Little Miss Marker, (Paramount)8.Now I'll Tell, (Fox)9.Baby, Take A Bow, (Fox)10.Now And Forever, (Paramount)11.亮眼睛(Bright Eyes), (Fox)1935:1.小上校(The Little Colonel), (Fox)2.我们的小姑娘(Our Little Girl), (Fox)3.Curly Top, (Fox)1936:1.小叛逆(The Littlest Rebel), (Fox)2.一月船长(Captain January), (Fox)3.可怜的富家小姑娘(Poor Little Rich Girl), (Fox)4.涟漪(Dimples), (Fox)5.偷渡者(Stowaway), (Fox)1937:1.威莉·温基(Wee Willie Winkie), (Fox)2.海蒂(Heidi), (Fox)1938:1.桑尼布鲁克农场的丽贝卡(Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm), (Fox)2.百老汇小姐(Little Miss Broadway), (Fox)3.Just Around the Corner, (Fox)1939:1.小公主(The Little Princess), (Fox)2.Susannah of the Mounties, (Fox)11-21岁：继续演电影，但同时也在读书学习这个时候她演过以下电影：1940:1.The Blue Bird, (Fox)2.Young People, (Fox)1941:1.Kathleen, (Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer)1942:1.Miss Annie Rooney, (United Artists)1943:1.Since You Went Away, (United Artists)1944:1.I'll Be Seeing You, (United Artists)1945:1.Kiss and Tell, (Columbia)1946:1.Honeymoon, (RKO-Radio)2.The Bachelor and the Bobby-Soxer, (RKO)1947:1.That Hagen Girl, (Warner Bros.)1948:1.Fort Apache, (Argosy Pictures Production,RKO release)2.Adventure in Baltimore, (RKO)1949:1.Mr. Belvedere Goes to College, (Fox)2.The Story of Seabiscuit, (Warner Bros./First National)3.A Kiss for Corliss, (United Artists)17岁(1945年)：同Sergeant Jack Agar结婚，但四年后（1949年）离婚22岁(1950年)：12月16日同查尔斯·布莱克结婚，从此退出演艺圈20世纪六十到九十年代：进入政界，担任驻国大使1967-1968年：被共和党选举竞选美国国会议员（落选）1969-1970年：被美国政府任命为联合国美国代表团的成员1974-1976年：出任美国驻加纳大使1976-1977年：福特总统当政时期，她担任国务院礼宾司司长，是美国历史上第一个任此要职的女性1981-1987：Shirley is the Foreign Affairs Officer with the State Department under Ford, Member US Delegation on African Refugee Problems, Director of the National Wildlife Federation, Member of the UN Association, US Founding Member of the American Academy of Diplomacy1977年4月来中国访问1988年，出版自传《童星》1989年，乔治·布什总统任命她为美国驻捷克斯洛伐克大使 现已安享晚年.
秀兰邓波儿

1.Labradoodle（拉布拉多） A Labradoodle is a crossbred or hybrid dog created by crossing the Labrador Retriever and the Standard or Miniature Poodle.HistoryThe Labradoodle was first deliberately bred in 1989, when Australian breeder Wally Conron[1] first crossed the Labrador Retriever and Standard Poodle for Guide Dogs Victoria.[2] His aim was to combine the low-shedding coat of the Poodle with the gentleness and trainability of the Labrador, and to provide a Guide Dog suitable for people with allergies to fur and dander. Guide Dogs Victoria continue to breed Labradoodles today [3] and Labradoodles are now often used around the world as Guide, Assistance, and Therapy Dogs[4][5][6][7][8] as well as being popular family dogs.Appearance and temperamentThe Labradoodle as a dog breed is still developing, and does not yet "breed true," i.e., puppies do not have consistently predictable characteristics. While many Labradoodles display desired traits, their appearance and behavioral characteristics remain, from an overall breed standpoint, unpredictable. As such, Labradoodles' hair can be anywhere from wiry to soft, and may be straight, wavy, or curly. Some Labradoodles do shed, although the coat usually sheds less and has less dog odor than that of a Labrador Retriever. Like most Labrador Retrievers and Poodles, Labradoodles are generally friendly, energetic and good with families and children (although as with any dog the temperament may vary between individuals). Labradoodles also often display an affinity for water and the strong swimming ability present in both their parent breeds. Like their parent breeds, both of which are amongst the world's most intelligent dog breeds, [9] Labradoodles are very intelligent and quite trainable. Labradoodles can be taught to obey verbal or sign language commands, or both, and remain commonly used as guide dogs for disabled or handicapped persons around the world.[10] Types of Labradoodle A group of Labradoodle Assistance Dogs.There is no universal consensus as to whether breeders should aim to have Labradoodles recognized as a breed [2]. Some breeders prefer to restrict breeding to early generation dogs (i.e. bred from a Poodle and Labrador rather than from two Labradoodles) to maximise genetic diversity, to avoid the inherited health problems that have plagued some dog breeds. Others are breeding Labradoodle to Labradoodle over successive generations, and trying to establish a new dog breed. These dogs are usually referred to as Multigenerational (abr. Multigen) or Australian Labradoodles [11]. Australian Labradoodles also differ from early generation and Multigenerational Labradoodles in that they may also have other breeds in their ancestry. English and American Cocker Spaniel/Poodle crosses (ie Cockapoos), Two Irish Water Spaniels and Soft-Coated Wheaten Terriers have variously been used in some Australian Labradoodle lines. The Curly Coated Retriever were used too, but these lines did not work out and they were discontinued.[12] Labradoodle coats are generally divided into 3 categories: Wool (with tight curls, and similar in appearance to that of a Poodle, but with a softer texture); Fleece (soft and free-flowing, with a kinked or wavy appearance); or Hair (which can be curly, straight or wavy, but is more similar in texture to a Labrador's coat) [13]. Labradoodles come in a wide variety of colours, including chocolate, cafe, parchment, cream, gold, apricot, red, black, silver, chalk, parti colours[14], and generally all the colours that can be found in Poodles. They also can be different sizes, depending on the size of poodle (i.e. toy, miniature or standard) used. 2.Golden Retriever（金毛）The Golden Retriever is a breed of dog, historically developed as a gundog to retrieve shot waterfowl and upland game and lame hens during hunting.[1] As such they were bred to have a soft mouth to retrieve game undamaged and an instinctive love of water.[2] Their intelligence and versatility sees them employed in a variety of roles including illegal drug detection, search and rescue, as hunting dogs and as guide dogs.[3] Their friendly, eager-to-please and patient demeanors have also made them popular family dogs. [4] HistoryThe Golden Retriever was originally developed in Scotland at "Guisachan" near Glen Affric, the highland estate of Sir Dudley Marjoribanks (pronounced "Marʒbanks"), later Baron Tweedmouth. For many years, there was controversy over which breeds were originally crossed. In 1952, the publication of Majoribanks' breeding records from 1835 to 1890 dispelled the myth concerning the purchase of a whole troupe of Russian sheepdogs from a visiting circus.[5] Improvements in automobiles guns during the 1800s resulted in more fowl being downed during hunts at greater distances and over increasingly difficult terrain. This led to more birds being lost in the field. Because of this improvement in firearms, a need for a specialist retriever arose as training setter and pointer breeds in retrieval was found to be ineffective. Thus work began on the breeding of the Golden Retriever to produce pups. In 1868, this cross produced a litter that included four pups; these four became the basis of a breeding program which included the Irish Setter, the sandy-colored Bloodhound, the St. John's Water Dog of Newfoundland, and two more wavy-coated black Retrievers. The bloodline was also inbred and selected for trueness to Majoribanks' idea of the ultimate hunting dog. His vision included a more vigorous and powerful dog than previous retrievers, one that would still be gentle and trainable. Russian sheepdogs are not mentioned in these records, nor are any other working dog breeds. The ancestry of the Golden Retriever is all sporting dogs, in line with Majoribanks' goals.[3] Golden Retrievers were first accepted for registration by the The Kennel Club of England in 1903, as Flat Coats - Golden. They were first exhibited in 1908, and in 1911 were recognized as a breed described as Retriever (Golden and Yellow). In 1998, the Golden Retriever Club was founded. The breed name was officially changed to Golden Retriever. The Honorable Archie Majoribanks took a Golden Retriever to Canada in 1881, and registered Lady with the American Kennel Club (AKC) in 1894. These are the first records of the breed in these two countries. The breed was first registered in Canada in 1927, and the Golden Retriever Club of Ontario, now the Golden Retriever Club of Canada, was formed in 1958. The co-founders of the GRCC were Cliff Drysdale an Englishman who had brought over an English Golden and Jutta Baker, daughter in law of Louis Baker who owned Northland Kennels, possibly Canada's first kennel dedicated to Goldens. The AKC recognized the breed in 1925, and in 1938 the Golden Retriever Club of America was formed.[6] Appearance [edit] British typeSome variations do exist between the British type Golden Retrievers prevalent throughout Europe and Australia,[7] and those of American lines and these differences are reflected in the breed standard. Its muzzle is wider and shorter, and its forehead is blockier. It has shorter legs, with a slightly deeper chest, and shorter tail. Its features make it generally heavier than the Canadian type. Males should be between 56–61 centimeters (22–24 in) at the withers and females slightly shorter at between 51–56 centimeters (20–22 in). Their weight, however, is not specified in the UK standard. The KC standard calls for a level topline and straight hindquarters without the slight rear angulation found in American lines.[8][9] The eyes of the European type are noted for their roundness and darkness as contrasted with the triangular or slanted composition of their American counterparts. A Golden Retriever of British breeding can have a coat color of any shade of gold or cream; however, red or mahogany are not permissible colors. Originally cream was not an acceptable color in the UK standard; however, by 1936 the standard was revised to include cream. It was felt this exclusion was a mistake as the original "yellow" retrievers of the 19th century were lighter in color than the then current standard permitted. As with American lines, white is an unacceptable color in the show ring. [10] The British KC standard is used in all countries with the exceptions of the US and Canada.[9] Some breeders of this type in America may import their dogs to improve the temperament and health noted in those bloodlines . The incidence of cancer among English bloodlines is significantly less than is seen in the American lines. Canadian typeThe Canadian Golden Retriever is a newer type of Golden. Appearance is meant to be similar to the American type in height and weight, with a light coat color. Color is described as not as light as a British type, and not as dark as an American type. Field line Golden Retrievers tend to be smaller and have a less dense coat than their conformation line counterparts, and they are usually darker in color. Golden Retriever, 8 month old puppy.[edit] American typeThe American type is similar to the Canadian type. It is tall, with a moderately narrow muzzle, and a chest that is not generally deep. Its stomach does not curve heavily, and its withers are almost level with it's shoulders. The American type is sometimes bred with the English type to give it a white or cream coat. However, American types most commonly have dense, dark coats, such as black. Coat and color Golden Retrievers vary widely in color.As indicated by their name, their coat comes in light golden colors to dark golden colors. The coat is dense and waterproof, and may be straight or moderately wavy. It usually lies flat against the belly. The American Kennel Club (AKC) standard states that the coat is a "rich, lustrous golden of various shades", disallowing coats that are extremely light or extremely dark. This leaves the outer ranges of coat color up to a judge's discretion when competing in conformation shows. Therefore, "pure white" and "red" are unacceptable colors for the Golden coat.[10] The Kennel Club (UK) also permits cream as an acceptable coat color.[8] Judges may also disallow Goldens with pink noses, or those lacking pigment. The Golden's coat can also be of a mahogany color, referred to as "redheads", although this is not accepted in the British show ring.[8] As a Golden grows older, its coat can become darker or lighter, along with a noticeable whitening of the fur on and around the muzzle. Puppy coats are usually much lighter than their adult coats, but a dark dog a darker colouration at the tips of the ears may indicate a darker adult color. A golden's coat should never be too long, as this may prove to be a disservice to them in the field, especially when retrieving game.[11] 3，SIBERIAN HUSKY （哈士奇=西伯利亚雪橇犬）The Siberian Husky (Russian: Сибирская лайка) is a medium-size, dense-coat working dog breed that originated in eastern Siberia. The breed belongs to the Spitz genetic family. It is recognizable by its thickly-furred double coat, sickle tail, erect triangular ears and distinctive markings. Huskies are an active, energetic and resilient breed whose ancestors came from the extremely cold and harsh environment of the Siberian Arctic and were bred by the Chukchi of Northeastern Asia, it was imported into Alaska during the Nome Gold Rush and spread from there into the United States and Canada, initially as a sled dog. It rapidly acquired the status of a family pet and a show-dog. Appearance A red/white femaleSiberian Huskies share many outward similarities with the Alaskan Malamute as well as many other Spitz breeds such as the Samoyed, which has a comparable history to the Huskies. Siberians have a thicker coat than most other breeds of dog. They come in a variety of colors and patterns, usually with white paws and legs, facial markings, and tail tip. The most common colors are black and white, copper-red and white, grey and white, and pure white, though many individuals have blondish, or piebald spotting. Striking masks, spectacles, and other facial markings occur in wide variety. They tend to have a wolf-like appearance. [edit] Eyes A "copper"-coloured Siberian Husky with heterochromia, a trait which is unusual in most dogs, but not uncommon among Siberian Huskies.The eyes of a Siberian Husky are dark blue, light blue, amber or brown. In some individual dogs, one eye may be brown and the other blue (complete heterochromia), or one or both eyes may be "parti-colored," that is, half brown and half blue (partial heterochromia). All of these eye color combinations are considered to be acceptable by the American Kennel Club, which also states that the eyes are "an almond shape, moderately spaced and set slightly obliquely." [edit] CoatThe Siberian Husky's coat is thicker than most breeds of dogs[2], comprising two layers: a dense undercoat and a longer topcoat of short, straight guard hairs. It protects the dogs effectively against harsh Arctic winters, but the coat also reflects heat in the summer. It is able to withstand temperatures as low as −50 °C to −60 °C.[3] The absence of the undercoat is often present during shedding.Their thick coats require weekly grooming[2][4]Long guard hair is not desirable and is considered a fault.[4] [edit] NoseIn some instances, Siberian Huskies can exhibit what is called "snow nose" or "winter nose". This condition is called hypopigmentation in animals. Show-quality dogs are preferred to have neither pointed or square noses in shape. The nose is black in gray, tan and black dogs, liver in copper-colored dogs, and may be flesh-colored in white dogs. "Snow nose" is acceptable in the show ring.[4][5] [edit] Close bred cousinsOne of the most close bred cousins to the Siberian husky is the Samoyed. These two dogs look different, but they were originally from Siberia, Russia, and they have the same genes, closer than some Pointer and Blue-tick Hounds. There is also another dog, that looks fairly similar to a Husky, albeit much smaller: the Alaskan Klee Kai. The Alaskan Klee Kai was created in the 1980s and are quite rare. [edit] SizeMaleHeight: 21 to 23.5 inches (53 to 60 cm) at the withers.Weight: 45 to 60 pounds (20 to 27 kg)FemaleHeight: 20 to 22 inches (51 to 56 cm) at the withers.Weight: 35 to 50 pounds (16 to 23 kg)[4]Behavior Six month old female Siberian Husky playing in the snowThe Siberian Husky has been described as a behavioral representative of the domestic dog's forebearer, the wolf, exhibiting a wide range of its ancestors' behavior.[6] They are known to howl rather than bark.[7] Hyperactivity displaying as an overactive hunting drive, a characteristic of kenneled dogs, is often noticeable in dogs released from their captive environment for exercise - a behavior welcome in hunting dogs but not in the family pet. The frequency of kenneled Siberian Huskies, especially for racing purposes, is rather high, as attributed through the history of the breed in North America. A fifteen-minute daily obedience training class will serve well for Siberian Huskies.[8] Siberian Huskies are a very stubborn and dominant breed of dog. Siberians need consistent training and do well with a "Nothing In Life Is Free" training program. They are extremely intelligent and after learning a new skill will often decide when to show off this skill when asked to perform it. They rank 45th in Stanley Coren's The Intelligence of Dogs, being of average working/obedience intelligence. They tend to run because they were at first bred to be a sled dog. Owners are advised to exercise caution when letting their Siberian Husky off the leash as the dog is likely to be miles away before looking around and realizing their owner is nowhere in sight.[9] ctrl +c ctrl+v累死我了。。还有些没copy过来。。想要更多的话，去维基百科搜索。。什么文都能搜索到。
拉布拉多犬介绍：The Labrador Retriever is an excellent family dog. They are very friendly. Labrador Retrievers love people too much to be a watchdog. Labs bark if they are excited. Labs are very easy dogs to train as they love to please. Training should start early as Labradors will catch on fast and be easy to handle. Train them not to pull on their leash as they have a very strong front end and will want to go see other animals and people. Labrador Retrievers are excellent at obedience, hunting, retrieving, tracking, police work, narcotics detection, guide dog work, service and therapy work, search and rescue, agility, and many other things. 金毛猎犬介绍：The Golden Retriever is a breed of dog, historically developed as a gundog to retrieve shot waterfowl and upland game and lame hens during hunting.[1] As such they were bred to have a soft mouth to retrieve game undamaged and an instinctive love of water.[2] Their intelligence and versatility sees them employed in a variety of roles including illegal drug detection, search and rescue, as hunting dogs and as guide dogs.[3] Their friendly, eager-to-please and patient demeanors have also made them popular family dogs. 哈士奇介绍：Husky is a general term for several breeds of dogs used as sled dogs. Because of strength and stamina, the name "Husky" is used extensively for sports mascots. Huskies were originally used as sled dogs in northern regions but are now also kept as pets. Historically, the word "husky" is a corruption of the derogative term "Eskie," also given to the Esquimaux tribes that came into contact with Europeans who made early expeditions into their lands.
拉布拉多： English name: labrador retrieverSize Category: MediumBreed categories: single-houndRegion of origin: CanadaTall individuals: male dogs is 56-62cm, female 54-59cm.General weight :25-34kgCharacter varieties: mild, smart obedient, easily trained, active and lively, loyal masters to obey the commandMain purposes: to help the fishermen. Objects in the search dogs, the Labrador Retriever is the most popular. Was widely used as security dogs and guide dogs, but also amphibious excellent hunting dogs, in addition, was a trusted family dog.Originated from: the early nineteenth century, salt shipped from Newfoundland aboard the British ship. I heard this dog is one of the first to introduce the dogs to Europe. From Newfoundland, is the shore-line fishermen to pull a good helper. In addition to being a dog today, but also training for guide dogs for detecting explosives, drugs, and its sense of smell to catch up with the sensitivity of the other breeds. In addition, the partner is also common in dogs. 金毛：English name: Golden RetrieverPlace of Origin: ScotlandTop dogs:AKC in 1999, the United States elected to the 10 most popular registered breeds, ranking second only to bear in Labrador Retriever.Features:Golden Retriever smart talented minds, together with the extraordinary appearance of Toshiro, who favor very discussion. Golden Retriever is the shape and character are said; strong, active, friendly, gentle, but also a keen sense of smell dogs genetic, vigilance and self-confidence.Golden Retriever is a very reliable, friendly, and can rely on the breed, if excessive or shrink the size too high, and may be poor or lack of proper breeding varieties of social life.Characteristics and temperament: physical strong, powerful. Golden hair, the hair with a flexible, waterproof under Mao. There is a sensitive sense of smell. Awareness of the responsibility of prey detection and tracking capability. In addition to the family dog, but also as a show dog, dogs, can also be used to search for drugs, seeing eye. temperament noble, serene calm. In addition, it has, such as skin allergies, salivation, irritable and other minor defects.IQ Ranking: No. 4History and origin: � records show that Golden Retriever dogs began the 18th century, may be the color bright green hair and hound dogs mating species from the water, or it may be water Long-eared dogs and Newfoundland dogs for future generations. It has excellent water carrying capacity.Keeping the main points: � � attention should be paid to help it take a bath carding, and to avoid it too fat.Important files: � � origin: United Kingdom. The origin of view: the 18th century. Purposes: with from the dogs, hunting dogs. :13-14-year life expectancy. Weight :27-36 kilograms. :51-61 centimeters tall. Color: yellow or milk gold. 哈士奇：Name: SIBERIAN HUSKYSize: medium-sized dogs. :20-Height 23.5 inches. Weight :30-60 lbsHair: double-hair, long, soft, thick inner layer of hair, straight hair and outer layer with a physical V.Personality: friendly, naughty, outgoing, love stray.The average life span :11-12-year-old.Activity: very highHusky发飙learning degrees: a high learning ability, ultra-low obedience, problem-solving skills superpower.Sociability: Regardless of the family, children or strangers are very friendly.Original purpose: snow sled dogs.Use today: companion dogs, sled dog racePublished by the International Union mastiff Kennel Ranking: No. 22, known as the Siberian HuskyAKC Dog Population: The Working Dog GroupAKC popularity list: No. 2 (2008)In medium and large dogs, the Husky is a particularly good move, stubborn and independent character of the temper, and perhaps this is because of its origin from the Siberian wolf, is the gene with the breed of the dog closest to the wolf.Siberian Husky (siberian husky) is the original ancient breeds, the origin of the name is derived from a unique husky voice hoarse. In the primitive tribe of the northeastern Siberian Chukchi (Chukchi) who looks exactly like the wolf in this breed as the most primitive mode of transport to pull sleds, and keeping of such dogs and reindeer hunting, or breeding of such dogs and then brought out of the frozen soil they live in exchange for food and clothing to bring. Some of the extreme variability Husky timid character, and some extreme violence, to enter the mainland and the family have no Husky relatively tame wild. Husky is a working dog but we have to remember that the original habitat in the Arctic wolf and small Kazakh Foreign Office, who is mixed feeding, the Husky did not attack people, but outside of the Husky dog with aggressive, do not forget that he is a gregarious animal, there must be a leader. When the Bite and Husky and are generally the same as a wolf crucial mouth and throat bite only. Small Kazakhstan's time to separate those who have avoided the dogs aggressive, even so, if they have been violated, or hard attack. He generally does not take the initiative to attack, this point and the wolf, but if the attack is fatal, non-offensive to the people. Husky compact size due to strong appetite for small, non-体臭and very cold polar climate to adapt to the environment, and become an important property of Chukchi. Expression of a firm, but friendly; curious, even mischievous. Almond-shaped eyes, separated from the moderate, slightly oblique. Eyes can be brown or blue; two different colors, or each eye has two co

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