华为路由器如何配置静态路由

实验目的
使用静态路由来访问IP数据
实验拓扑

实验步骤
1:重新命名和配置IP地址
system-view
[Huawei]sysname R1 [R1]interface Ethernet 0/0/0
[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]undo shutdown
system-view
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]interface Ethernet 0/0/0
[R2-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
[R2-Ethernet0/0/0]undo shutdown
[R2]interface Ethernet 0/0/1
[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]ip add
[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]ip address 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0
[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]undo shutdown
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3-Ethernet0/0/0]ip address 23.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
[R3-Ethernet0/0/0]undo shutdown

2:在中间路由器R2上测试连接
[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]ping 12.1.1.1
PING 12.1.1.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 12.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=160 ms Reply from 12.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms Reply from 12.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=10 ms Reply from 12.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=30 ms Reply from 12.1.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=40 ms

— 12.1.1.1 ping statistics — 5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 10/52/160 ms
[R2-Ethernet0/0/1]ping 23.1.1.3
PING 23.1.1.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break

Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=50 ms Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=50 ms Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=50 ms Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=30 ms Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=30 ms

— 23.1.1.3 ping statistics — 5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 30/42/50 ms

3:直接在R1上 Ping R3不会工作,所以您需要配置指定的路由来往
[R1-Ethernet0/0/0]ping 23.1.1.3
PING 23.1.1.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break Request time out
默认路径在R1和R3上分别配置:
[R1]ip route-static 23.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.2
[R3]ip route-static 12.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 23.1.1.2

4：再测试连通性：
[R1]ping 23.1.1.3
PING 23.1.1.3: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=80 ms Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=70 ms Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=60 ms Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=40 ms Reply from 23.1.1.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=50 ms

— 23.1.1.3 ping statistics — 5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 40/60/80 ms
// 以上 说明, 该 交流 成功 。

4:它也可以作为静态路由设备的优先设置,即CISCO的管理距离(AD值),实现浮动路由等效效果。
[R1]ip route-static 23.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.2 preference 10

根据NA的实验手册,结合Huawei的指示来实现Huawei的路由器浮动静态,选择静态、综合静态、默认静态、负荷平衡静态等等。

查看路由表：
[R1]display ip routing
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib

Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 5 Routes : 5
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 12.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 12.1.1.1 Ethernet0/0/0
12.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Ethernet0/0/0
23.1.1.0/24 Static 10 0 RD 12.1.1.2 Ethernet0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
当您要取消此默认路径时,在前面键入UNDO
[R1]undo ip route-static 23.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 12.1.1.2 preference 10

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