BGP联邦实验
最后更新：2022-07-30 23:17:50 手机定位技术交流文章
一、题目要求
二、实验思路
1.合理分开IP地址,配置IP地址和回路接口。
在AS2中启动IGP协议 OSPF作为BGP协议的基础
3.启动BGP议定书,建立睦邻关系,整个BGP协议允许BGP路由访问.其中需要注意，有小的联邦的AS号需要将小的联邦的AS号进行先配置，真正的AS将被释放。如果有联邦EBGP,并宣布邻国联邦EBGP的 AS 。在这个实验中,联邦IBGP需要一个路由反射器配置在同等的,因此, 实现了BGP路由传输.
4.减少路由项目可以通过配置空接口路由实现,实现减少路由项目的目标,并实现防止空接口中循环的机制,最重要的是,从而使整个AS2内循环返回接口。
5.在AR1和AR8上再次创建GRE隧道,来实现192.168.1.0/24与192.168.2.0/24的环回接口进行通讯，注意的是，隧道中的源视图接口的IP地址应在AR1和AR8上使用,同时使用另一个回开接口,其原因是，如果选用物理接口，是无法通讯的，因为物理接口没有任何方法来接触另一个人,物理接口不能通信,隧道就更可能了。
三、具体配置
整个AS2的IP地址的子网分解
将172.16.0.0/16的网段划分为172.16.0.0/24的多个网段，因为在实际项目中,网络第24节与用户节比较一致,首先把网络段分成24个的多个子网,然后编码24个的网络段,再将172.16.0.0/24的多个网段进行划分，将172.16.0.0/24的网段用于P2P网络当中，将172.16.1.0/24的网段用于MA网络当中，每个路由器的回路接口使用24个分段的子网编码。
2.为所有设备配置IP地址
R1
[r1]int g 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 12.0.0.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip a 192.168.1.1 24
[r1-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r1-LoopBack1]ip a 10.0.0.1 24
R2
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 12.0.0.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.2.1 24
[r2]int g 0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.1.1 29
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip a 172.16.1.9 29
R3
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.2 29
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.3.1 24
[r3-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.1.17 29
R4
[r4]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.18 29
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.1.25 29
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.4.1 24
R5
[r5]int g 0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.10 29
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g 0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.1.133 29
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.5.1 24
R6
[r6]int g 0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.34 29
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.6.1 24
[r6-LoopBack0]int g0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.1.41 29
R7
[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 172.16.1.42 29
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip a 172.16.7.1 24
[r7-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip a 172.16.1.26 29
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g 0/0/2
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip a 78.0.0.1 24
R8
[r8]int g 0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip a 78.0.0.2 24
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip a 192.168.2.1 24
[r8-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r8-LoopBack1]ip a 11.0.0.1 24
3.在AS2中启用OSPF协议
R2
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]a 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R3
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]a 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R4
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]a 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R5
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]a 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R6
[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]a 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R7
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]a 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
为所有设备启用BGP协议并建立等价协议
R1
[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]route-select
[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-bgp]peer 12.0.0.2 as 2
R2
[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]route-select
[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-bgp]confederation id 2
[r2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 12.0.0.1 as 1
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as 64512
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 next-hop-local
[r2-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 next-hop-local
R3
[r3]bgp 64512
[r3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-bgp]confederation id 2
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
R4
[r4]bgp 64512
[r4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-bgp]confederation id 2
[r4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 as 64512
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.3.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
R5
[r5]bgp 64513
[r5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-bgp]confederation id 2
[r5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 as 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as 64513
[r5-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
R6
[r6]bgp 64513
[r6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-bgp]confederation id 2
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 as 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.5.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 as 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
R7
[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-bgp]confederation id 2
[r7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 as 64513
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 as 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r7-bgp]peer 78.0.0.2 as 3
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.4.1 next-hop-local
[r7-bgp]peer 172.16.6.1 next-hop-local
R8
[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-bgp]peer 78.0.0.1 as 2
5、发布路由信息
R1
[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]network 10.0.0.0 24
R8
[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]network 11.0.0.0 24
破坏IBMGP间的水平分割,并配置路由器反射器
R3
[r3]bgp 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 172.16.2.1 reflect-client
R6
[r6]bgp 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 172.16.7.1 reflect-client
创建一个空接口, 总结和宣布
R2
[r2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 21 NULL 0
[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21
R7
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 22 NULL 0
[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 21
8.建立一个GRE隧道,实现双环程通讯
R1
[r1]int t0/0/0
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip a 192.168.10.1 24
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 10.0.0.1
[r1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 11.0.0.1
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 99.0.0.2
R8
[r8]int t0/0/0
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip a 192.168.10.2 24
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 11.0.0.1
[r8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 10.0.0.1
[r8]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 99.0.0.1
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