socket编程软件(Socket软件)

你好！ winpcap是个抓包工具，socket编程才是你说的标准意义的编程。在抓包工具上编程，类似于excel的编程，你得了解wincap的一些语法。是软件自己的语法，不符合Posix标准。一般的socket编程，可以参考posix。 如有疑问，请追问。

socket编程一般就是Socket和WinSock。都是C语言的。C++有封装好的类。用起来就更容易一些。感觉关于C/C++的Socket编程不是很多，不过很多讲TCP/IP的都会讲Socket，就直接学TCP/IP编程的资料好了。入门的程序挺多的，不过感觉原理挺简单的，实际用起来挺麻烦的。不过网络编程用Java的更多一些，用C++的感觉没有那么多。个人感觉。可以直接用Winsock也可以用其他的图形库带的Socket。一般图形界面库都带有Socket库。学成什么样算学会了，我就不知道了，不过我觉得你能自己做个服务器，做个小的QQ类似的通信软件，除了显示文字信息之外，彼此之间能传输图片、文件，就应该差不多了。
拆分开来学，分模块分函数来学。化繁为简，各个击破。有不懂，可以多沟通互相学习；

我用C++写的，可以调试的！要加分啊啊！记得啊！呵呵... 代码如下：//功能：利用SOCKET传送文件的代码/*server.h*/#pragma comment(lib, "WS2_32")#include#include//#include#include#ifndef COMMONDEF_H#define COMMONDEF_H#define MAX_PACKET_SIZE 10240 // 数据包的最大长度,单位是sizeof(char)#define MAXFILEDIRLENGTH 256 // 存放文件路径的最大长度#define PORT 4096 // 端口号#define SERVER_IP "127.0.0.1" // server端的IP地址// 各种消息的宏定义#define INVALID_MSG -1 // 无效的消息标识#define MSG_FILENAME 1 // 文件的名称#define MSG_FILELENGTH 2 // 传送文件的长度#define MSG_CLIENT_READY 3 // 客户端准备接收文件#define MSG_FILE 4 // 传送文件#define MSG_SENDFILESUCCESS 5 // 传送文件成功#define MSG_OPENFILE_ERROR 10 // 打开文件失败,可能是文件路径错误找不到文件等原因#define MSG_FILEALREADYEXIT_ERROR 11 // 要保存的文件已经存在了class CCSDef{public:#pragma pack(1) // 使结构体的数据按照1字节来对齐,省空间// 消息头struct TMSG_HEADER{char cMsgID; // 消息标识TMSG_HEADER(char MsgID = INVALID_MSG): cMsgID(MsgID){}};// 请求传送的文件名// 客户端传给服务器端的是全路径名称// 服务器传回给客户端的是文件名struct TMSG_FILENAME : public TMSG_HEADER{char szFileName[256]; // 保存文件名的字符数组TMSG_FILENAME(): TMSG_HEADER(MSG_FILENAME){}};// 传送文件长度struct TMSG_FILELENGTH : public TMSG_HEADER{long lLength;TMSG_FILELENGTH(long length): TMSG_HEADER(MSG_FILELENGTH), lLength(length){}};// Client端已经准备好了,要求Server端开始传送文件struct TMSG_CLIENT_READY : public TMSG_HEADER{TMSG_CLIENT_READY(): TMSG_HEADER(MSG_CLIENT_READY){}};// 传送文件struct TMSG_FILE : public TMSG_HEADER{union // 采用union保证了数据包的大小不大于MAX_PACKET_SIZE * sizeof(char){char szBuff[MAX_PACKET_SIZE];struct{int nStart;int nSize;char szBuff[MAX_PACKET_SIZE - 2 * sizeof(int)];}tFile;};TMSG_FILE(): TMSG_HEADER(MSG_FILE){}};// 传送文件成功struct TMSG_SENDFILESUCCESS : public TMSG_HEADER{TMSG_SENDFILESUCCESS(): TMSG_HEADER(MSG_SENDFILESUCCESS){}};// 传送出错信息,包括:// MSG_OPENFILE_ERROR:打开文件失败// MSG_FILEALREADYEXIT_ERROR:要保存的文件已经存在了struct TMSG_ERROR_MSG : public TMSG_HEADER{TMSG_ERROR_MSG(char cErrorMsg): TMSG_HEADER(cErrorMsg){}};#pragma pack()};#endif/*server.h*/#pragma comment(lib, "WS2_32")#include#include//#include#include#ifndef COMMONDEF_H#define COMMONDEF_H#define MAX_PACKET_SIZE 10240 // 数据包的最大长度,单位是sizeof(char)#define MAXFILEDIRLENGTH 256 // 存放文件路径的最大长度#define PORT 4096 // 端口号#define SERVER_IP "127.0.0.1" // server端的IP地址// 各种消息的宏定义#define INVALID_MSG -1 // 无效的消息标识#define MSG_FILENAME 1 // 文件的名称#define MSG_FILELENGTH 2 // 传送文件的长度#define MSG_CLIENT_READY 3 // 客户端准备接收文件#define MSG_FILE 4 // 传送文件#define MSG_SENDFILESUCCESS 5 // 传送文件成功#define MSG_OPENFILE_ERROR 10 // 打开文件失败,可能是文件路径错误找不到文件等原因#define MSG_FILEALREADYEXIT_ERROR 11 // 要保存的文件已经存在了class CCSDef{public:#pragma pack(1) // 使结构体的数据按照1字节来对齐,省空间// 消息头struct TMSG_HEADER{char cMsgID; // 消息标识TMSG_HEADER(char MsgID = INVALID_MSG): cMsgID(MsgID){}};// 请求传送的文件名// 客户端传给服务器端的是全路径名称// 服务器传回给客户端的是文件名struct TMSG_FILENAME : public TMSG_HEADER{char szFileName[256]; // 保存文件名的字符数组TMSG_FILENAME(): TMSG_HEADER(MSG_FILENAME){}};// 传送文件长度struct TMSG_FILELENGTH : public TMSG_HEADER{long lLength;TMSG_FILELENGTH(long length): TMSG_HEADER(MSG_FILELENGTH), lLength(length){}};// Client端已经准备好了,要求Server端开始传送文件struct TMSG_CLIENT_READY : public TMSG_HEADER{TMSG_CLIENT_READY(): TMSG_HEADER(MSG_CLIENT_READY){}};// 传送文件struct TMSG_FILE : public TMSG_HEADER{union // 采用union保证了数据包的大小不大于MAX_PACKET_SIZE * sizeof(char){char szBuff[MAX_PACKET_SIZE];struct{int nStart;int nSize;char szBuff[MAX_PACKET_SIZE - 2 * sizeof(int)];}tFile;};TMSG_FILE(): TMSG_HEADER(MSG_FILE){}};// 传送文件成功struct TMSG_SENDFILESUCCESS : public TMSG_HEADER{TMSG_SENDFILESUCCESS(): TMSG_HEADER(MSG_SENDFILESUCCESS){}};// 传送出错信息,包括:// MSG_OPENFILE_ERROR:打开文件失败// MSG_FILEALREADYEXIT_ERROR:要保存的文件已经存在了struct TMSG_ERROR_MSG : public TMSG_HEADER{TMSG_ERROR_MSG(char cErrorMsg): TMSG_HEADER(cErrorMsg){}};#pragma pack()};#endif/*server.cpp*/#include "server.h"char g_szNewFileName[MAXFILEDIRLENGTH];char g_szBuff[MAX_PACKET_SIZE + 1];long g_lLength;char* g_pBuff = NULL;// 初始化socket库bool InitSocket();// 关闭socket库bool CloseSocket();// 解析消息进行相应的处理bool ProcessMsg(SOCKET sClient);// 监听Client的消息void ListenToClient();// 打开文件bool OpenFile(CCSDef::TMSG_HEADER* pMsgHeader, SOCKET sClient);// 传送文件bool SendFile(SOCKET sClient);// 读取文件进入缓冲区bool ReadFile(SOCKET sClient);int main(){InitSocket();ListenToClient();CloseSocket();return 0;}void ListenToClient(){// 创建socket套接字SOCKET sListen = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);if (SOCKET_ERROR == sListen){printf("Init Socket Error!n");return;}// 绑定socket到一个本地地址sockaddr_in sin;sin.sin_family = AF_INET;sin.sin_port = htons(PORT);sin.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY;if (::bind(sListen, (LPSOCKADDR)&sin, sizeof(sockaddr_in)) == SOCKET_ERROR){printf("Bind Error!n");return;}// 设置socket进入监听状态if (::listen(sListen, 10) == SOCKET_ERROR){printf("Listen Error!n");return;}printf("Listening To Client...n");// 循环接收client端的连接请求sockaddr_in ClientAddr;int nAddrLen = sizeof(sockaddr_in);SOCKET sClient;while (INVALID_SOCKET == (sClient = ::accept(sListen, (sockaddr*)&ClientAddr, &nAddrLen))){}while (true == ProcessMsg(sClient)){}// 关闭同客户端的连接::closesocket(sClient);::closesocket(sListen);}bool InitSocket(){// 初始化socket dllWSADATA wsaData;WORD socketVersion = MAKEWORD(2, 2);if (::WSAStartup(socketVersion, &wsaData) != 0){printf("Init socket dll errorn");return false;}return true;}bool CloseSocket(){// 释放winsock库::WSACleanup();if (NULL != g_pBuff){delete [] g_pBuff;g_pBuff = NULL;}return true;}bool ProcessMsg(SOCKET sClient){int nRecv = ::recv(sClient, g_szBuff, MAX_PACKET_SIZE + 1, 0);if (nRecv > 0){g_szBuff[nRecv] = '';}// 解析命令CCSDef::TMSG_HEADER* pMsgHeader = (CCSDef::TMSG_HEADER*)g_szBuff;switch (pMsgHeader->cMsgID){case MSG_FILENAME: // 文件名{OpenFile(pMsgHeader, sClient);}break;case MSG_CLIENT_READY: // 客户端准备好了,开始传送文件{SendFile(sClient);}break;case MSG_SENDFILESUCCESS: // 传送文件成功{printf("Send File Success!n");return false;}break;case MSG_FILEALREADYEXIT_ERROR: // 要保存的文件已经存在了{printf("The file reay to send already exit!n");return false;}break;}return true;}bool ReadFile(SOCKET sClient){if (NULL != g_pBuff){return true;}// 打开文件FILE *pFile;if (NULL == (pFile = fopen(g_szNewFileName, "rb"))) // 打开文件失败{printf("Cannot find the file, request the client input file name againn");CCSDef::TMSG_ERROR_MSG tMsgErrorMsg(MSG_OPENFILE_ERROR);::send(sClient, (char*)(&tMsgErrorMsg), sizeof(CCSDef::TMSG_ERROR_MSG), 0);return false;}// 把文件的长度传回到client去fseek(pFile, 0, SEEK_END);g_lLength = ftell(pFile);printf("File Length = %dn", g_lLength);CCSDef::TMSG_FILELENGTH tMsgFileLength(g_lLength);::send(sClient, (char*)(&tMsgFileLength), sizeof(CCSDef::TMSG_FILELENGTH), 0);// 处理文件全路径名,把文件名分解出来char szDrive[_MAX_DRIVE], szDir[_MAX_DIR], szFname[_MAX_FNAME], szExt[_MAX_EXT];_splitpath(g_szNewFileName, szDrive, szDir, szFname, szExt);strcat(szFname,szExt);CCSDef::TMSG_FILENAME tMsgFileName;strcpy(tMsgFileName.szFileName, szFname);printf("Send File Name: %sn", tMsgFileName.szFileName);::send(sClient, (char*)(&tMsgFileName), sizeof(CCSDef::TMSG_FILENAME), 0);// 分配缓冲区读取文件内容g_pBuff = new char[g_lLength + 1];if (NULL == g_pBuff){return false;}fseek(pFile, 0, SEEK_SET);fread(g_pBuff, sizeof(char), g_lLength, pFile);g_pBuff[g_lLength] = '';fclose(pFile);return true;}// 打开文件bool OpenFile(CCSDef::TMSG_HEADER* pMsgHeader, SOCKET sClient){CCSDef::TMSG_FILENAME* pRequestFilenameMsg = (CCSDef::TMSG_FILENAME*)pMsgHeader;// 对文件路径名进行一些处理char *p1, *p2;for (p1 = pRequestFilenameMsg->szFileName, p2 = g_szNewFileName;'' != *p1;++p1, ++p2){if ('n' != *p1){*p2 = *p1;}if ('\' == *p2){*(++p2) = '\';}}*p2 = '';ReadFile(sClient);return true;}// 传送文件bool SendFile(SOCKET sClient){if (NULL == g_pBuff){ReadFile(sClient);}int nPacketBufferSize = MAX_PACKET_SIZE - 2 * sizeof(int); // 每个数据包存放文件的buffer大小// 如果文件的长度大于每个数据包所能传送的buffer长度那么就分块传送for (int i = 0; i < g_lLength; i += nPacketBufferSize){CCSDef::TMSG_FILE tMsgFile;tMsgFile.tFile.nStart = i;if (i + nPacketBufferSize + 1> g_lLength){tMsgFile.tFile.nSize = g_lLength - i;}else{tMsgFile.tFile.nSize = nPacketBufferSize;}//printf("start = %d, size = %dn", tMsgFile.tFile.nStart, tMsgFile.tFile.nSize);memcpy(tMsgFile.tFile.szBuff, g_pBuff + tMsgFile.tFile.nStart, tMsgFile.tFile.nSize);::send(sClient, (char*)(&tMsgFile), sizeof(CCSDef::TMSG_FILE), 0);Sleep(0.5);}delete [] g_pBuff;g_pBuff = NULL;return true;}/*client.h同server.h*//*client.cpp*/#include "client.h"long g_lLength = 0;char* g_pBuff = NULL;char g_szFileName[MAXFILEDIRLENGTH];char g_szBuff[MAX_PACKET_SIZE + 1];SOCKET g_sClient;// 初始化socket库bool InitSocket();// 关闭socket库bool CloseSocket();// 把用户输入的文件路径传送到server端bool SendFileNameToServer();// 与server端连接bool ConectToServer();// 打开文件失败bool OpenFileError(CCSDef::TMSG_HEADER *pMsgHeader);// 分配空间以便写入文件bool AllocateMemoryForFile(CCSDef::TMSG_HEADER *pMsgHeader);// 写入文件bool WriteToFile(CCSDef::TMSG_HEADER *pMsgHeader);// 处理server端传送过来的消息bool ProcessMsg();int main(){InitSocket();ConectToServer();CloseSocket();return 0;}// 初始化socket库bool InitSocket(){// 初始化socket dllWSADATA wsaData;WORD socketVersion = MAKEWORD(2, 2);if (::WSAStartup(socketVersion, &wsaData) != 0){printf("Init socket dll errorn");exit(-1);}return true;}// 关闭socket库bool CloseSocket(){// 关闭套接字::closesocket(g_sClient);// 释放winsock库::WSACleanup();return true;}// 与server端连接进行文件的传输bool ConectToServer(){// 初始化socket套接字if (SOCKET_ERROR == (g_sClient = ::socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP))){printf("Init Socket Error!n");exit(-1);}sockaddr_in servAddr;servAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;servAddr.sin_port = htons(PORT);servAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = ::inet_addr(SERVER_IP);if (INVALID_SOCKET == (::connect(g_sClient, (sockaddr*)&servAddr, sizeof(sockaddr_in)))){printf("Connect to Server Error!n");exit(-1);}// 输入文件路径传输到server端SendFileNameToServer();// 接收server端传过来的信息,直到保存文件成功为止while (true == ProcessMsg()){}return true;}// 把用户输入的文件路径传送到server端bool SendFileNameToServer(){char szFileName[MAXFILEDIRLENGTH];printf("Input the File Directory: ");fgets(szFileName, MAXFILEDIRLENGTH, stdin);// 把文件路径发到server端CCSDef::TMSG_FILENAME tMsgRequestFileName;strcpy(tMsgRequestFileName.szFileName, szFileName);if (SOCKET_ERROR == ::send(g_sClient, (char*)(&tMsgRequestFileName), sizeof(CCSDef::TMSG_FILENAME), 0)){printf("Send File Name Error!n");exit(-1);}return true;}// 处理server端传送过来的消息bool ProcessMsg(){CCSDef::TMSG_HEADER *pMsgHeader;int nRecv = ::recv(g_sClient, g_szBuff, MAX_PACKET_SIZE + 1, 0);pMsgHeader = (CCSDef::TMSG_HEADER*)g_szBuff;switch (pMsgHeader->cMsgID){case MSG_OPENFILE_ERROR: // 打开文件错误{OpenFileError(pMsgHeader);}break;case MSG_FILELENGTH: // 文件的长度{if (0 == g_lLength){g_lLength = ((CCSDef::TMSG_FILELENGTH*)pMsgHeader)->lLength;printf("File Length: %dn", g_lLength);}}break;case MSG_FILENAME: // 文件名{return AllocateMemoryForFile(pMsgHeader);}break;case MSG_FILE: // 传送文件,写入文件成功之后退出这个函数{if (WriteToFile(pMsgHeader)){return false;}}break;}return true;}// 打开文件失败bool OpenFileError(CCSDef::TMSG_HEADER *pMsgHeader){if (NULL != g_pBuff)return true;assert(NULL != pMsgHeader);printf("Cannot find file!Please input again!n");// 重新输入文件名称SendFileNameToServer();return true;}// 查找是否已经存在了要保存的文件,同时分配缓冲区保存文件bool AllocateMemoryForFile(CCSDef::TMSG_HEADER *pMsgHeader){assert(NULL != pMsgHeader);if (NULL != g_pBuff){return true;}CCSDef::TMSG_FILENAME* pRequestFilenameMsg = (CCSDef::TMSG_FILENAME*)pMsgHeader;printf("File Name: %sn", pRequestFilenameMsg->szFileName);// 把文件的路径设置为C盘根目录下strcpy(g_szFileName, "c:\");strcat(g_szFileName, pRequestFilenameMsg->szFileName);// 查找相同文件名的文件是否已经存在,如果存在报错退出FILE* pFile;if (NULL != (pFile = fopen(g_szFileName, "r"))){// 文件已经存在,要求重新输入一个文件printf("The file already exist!n");CCSDef::TMSG_ERROR_MSG tMsgErrorMsg(MSG_FILEALREADYEXIT_ERROR);::send(g_sClient, (char*)(&tMsgErrorMsg), sizeof(CCSDef::TMSG_ERROR_MSG), 0);fclose(pFile);return false;}// 分配缓冲区开始接收文件,如果分配成功就给server端发送开始传送文件的要求g_pBuff = new char[g_lLength + 1];if (NULL != g_pBuff){memset(g_pBuff, '', g_lLength + 1);printf("Now ready to get the file %s!n", pRequestFilenameMsg->szFileName);CCSDef::TMSG_CLIENT_READY tMsgClientReady;if (SOCKET_ERROR == ::send(g_sClient, (char*)(&tMsgClientReady), sizeof(CCSDef::TMSG_CLIENT_READY), 0)){printf("Send Error!n");exit(-1);}}else{printf("Alloc memory for file error!n");exit(-1);}return true;}// 写入文件bool WriteToFile(CCSDef::TMSG_HEADER *pMsgHeader){assert(NULL != pMsgHeader);CCSDef::TMSG_FILE* pMsgFile = (CCSDef::TMSG_FILE*)pMsgHeader;int nStart = pMsgFile->tFile.nStart;int nSize = pMsgFile->tFile.nSize;memcpy(g_pBuff + nStart, pMsgFile->tFile.szBuff, nSize);if (0 == nStart){printf("Saving file into buffer...n");}memcpy(g_pBuff + nStart, pMsgFile->tFile.szBuff, nSize);//printf("start = %d, size = %dn", nStart, nSize);// 如果已经保存到缓冲区完毕就写入文件if (nStart + nSize >= g_lLength){printf("Writing to disk....n");// 写入文件FILE* pFile;pFile = fopen(g_szFileName, "w+b");fwrite(g_pBuff, sizeof(char), g_lLength, pFile);delete [] g_pBuff;g_pBuff = NULL;fclose(pFile);// 保存文件成功传送消息给server退出serverCCSDef::TMSG_SENDFILESUCCESS tMsgSendFileSuccess;while (SOCKET_ERROR == ::send(g_sClient, (char*)(&tMsgSendFileSuccess), sizeof(CCSDef::TMSG_SENDFILESUCCESS), 0)){}printf("Save the file %s success!n", g_szFileName);return true;}else{return false;} }

我从网上给你拷两个例子服务器#!/usr/bin/python"USAGE: echoserver.py "from SocketServer import BaseRequestHandler, TCPServerimport sys, socket class EchoHandler(BaseRequestHandler):  def handle(self):    print "Client connected:", self.client_address    self.request.sendall(self.request.recv(2**16))    self.request.close()if len(sys.argv) != 2:  print __doc__else:  TCPServer(('', int(sys.argv[1])), EchoHandler).serve_forever()客户端#!/usr/bin/python"USAGE: echoclient.py   "from socket import *import sysif len(sys.argv) != 4:  print __doc__  sys.exit(0)sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)sock.connect((sys.argv[1], int(sys.argv[3])))message = sys.argv[2]messlen, received = sock.send(message), 0if messlen != len(message):  print "Failed to send complete message"print "Received: ",while received < messlen:  data = sock.recv(32)  sys.stdout.write(data)  received += len(data)printsock.close()
可以用python支持的zeromq库，对socket抽象比较好，用起来简单
python 自带socket模块，只要去官网下个python就行了。简单的socket例子网上大把，这里就不详说了。
python自带了socket模块，不需要下载其他软件

用是肯定要用的，但现在大多是封装好了的。
大型网络项目都用完全端口！！